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Vol. 3 Núm. 2 (2023): Volume 3, Issue 2, Year 2023

Articles

Somatotype and Body Composition of Indian Male and Female Swimmers, and their Relationship to Countermovement Jump Performance

  • Bhanu Bawari,
  • Ragini Adhikari,
  • Judy Easow,
  • Samuel Andrew Pullinger
Bhanu Bawari
Sport Science Department, Inspire Institute of Sport, Vidyanagar, Dist. Bellary, India
Ragini Adhikari
Sport Science Department, Inspire Institute of Sport, Vidyanagar, Dist. Bellary, India
Judy Easow
Sport Science Department, Inspire Institute of Sport, Vidyanagar, Dist. Bellary, India
Samuel Andrew Pullinger
Sport Science Department, Inspire Institute of Sport, Vidyanagar, Dist. Bellary, India
PDF (English)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk23210

Publicado 30-12-2023

Palabras clave

  • Composición corporal,
  • Grasa corporal %,
  • Natación,
  • Salto con contramovimiento

Cómo citar

Bawari, B., Adhikari, R., Easow, J., & Pullinger, S. A. (2023). Somatotype and Body Composition of Indian Male and Female Swimmers, and their Relationship to Countermovement Jump Performance. La Revista Internacional De Cineantropometría, 3(2), 84–95. https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk23210

Derechos de autor 2023 Bhanu Bawari, Ragini Adhikari, Judy Easow, Samuel Andrew Pullinger

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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.

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Resumen

Introducción: El objetivo de este estudio fue: 1) determinar las características antropométricas de los nadadores indios y 2) investigar la posible asociación entre estas características y las métricas de salto con contramovimiento. Método: Participaron en el estudio cuarenta y dos nadadores indios de nivel nacional (18 mujeres y 24 hombres) que compiten regularmente en competiciones nacionales y/o internacionales. Se realizaron mediciones antropométricas de masa corporal, estatura, 8 sitios de pliegues cutáneos, 3 circunferencias y 2 anchuras. También se calcularon los somatotipos, el porcentaje de grasa corporal, la masa grasa y la masa corporal magra de todos los sujetos. Se realizó una prueba CMJ para medir la altura del salto vertical, la producción de potencia máxima y la producción de potencia máxima relativa. Resultados: El análisis de correlación de Pearson de las variables de composición corporal y las medidas CMJ reveló una asociación negativa muy grande entre el porcentaje de grasa corporal y la altura del salto vertical (R = - 0,726; p = 0,000) y entre el porcentaje de grasa corporal y la potencia máxima relativa (R = - 0,757;p=0,000); una gran asociación negativa entre el porcentaje de grasa corporal y la potencia máxima (R = -0,577; p = 0,000) y entre la masa grasa y la potencia máxima relativa (R = -0,560, p = 0,000); una asociación moderadamente negativa entre la masa grasa y la altura del salto vertical (R = -0,490, p = 0,001); una asociación positiva muy grande entre la masa corporal magra y la potencia máxima (R = 0,862, p = 0,000); y una gran asociación positiva entre la masa corporal magra y la altura del salto vertical (R = 0,599, p = 0,000) y una gran asociación positiva entre la masa corporal magra y la potencia máxima relativa (R = 0,530, p = 0,000); y una asociación moderadamente positiva entre el IMC y la potencia máxima (R = 0,413, p = 0,007). Conclusión: Existen diferencias significativas en las características antropométricas al analizar las características antropométricas de los nadadores indios que podrían atribuirse a las demandas específicas de cada evento. Las características antropométricas y las diferencias en la composición corporal influyen en el rendimiento en natación y varían según el sexo, la edad y el estado de maduración. Existe una correlación positiva sólida y significativa entre la masa corporal magra y la altura del salto vertical, lo que sugiere que una mejora de la masa magra de un individuo parece tener un impacto positivo en la producción de potencia de la parte inferior del cuerpo en los nadadores. Los planes de entrenamiento individualizados que se centran en la fuerza de las extremidades inferiores tendrán un efecto potencial positivo en el rendimiento en natación.

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Citas

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