Relationship between Anthropometric Characteristics and Sprint Performance in University Athletes

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between selected anthropometric characteristics and sprint performance in university male athletes. Methods: Thirty university male athletes (age: 20.4 ± 1.6 years) participated in this correlational study. Anthropometric variables including height, body mass, body mass index (BMI), leg length, thigh girth, calf girth, and body fat percentage were measured following standard ISAK procedures. Sprint performance was assessed using a 50 m sprint test. Pearson’s product moment correlation was used to analyze the relationship between anthropometric variables and sprint time. Results: Sprint time showed a significant negative correlation with leg length (r = –0.61, p < 0.01) and thigh girth (r = –0.54, p < 0.01), indicating that athletes with longer legs and greater thigh girth performed better. Body fat percentage showed a significant positive correlation with sprint time (r = 0.58, p < 0.01). Height and body mass showed moderate but non-significant relationships with sprint performance. Conclusion: The findings suggest that lower limb anthropometric characteristics and body composition play a crucial role in sprint performance among university athletes. These variables may be considered in talent identification and training program design.