A Comparison of Vertical Jump Performance between Mesomorphic and Ectomorphic Dominant Somatotypes
Published 30-04-2024
Keywords
- Anthropometry,
- Sedentary,
- Anaerobic Power,
- Power-to-body mass ratio
How to Cite
Copyright (c) 2024 Ankur Jyoti Phukon, Krishnendu Dhar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Dimensions
Abstract
Introduction: Vertical jump performance is an important measure of leg power and explosiveness in sports. Somatotype, referring to body shape and composition. It may relate to vertical jump capacity. This study aimed to compare vertical jump, peak anaerobic power, and relative anaerobic capabilities between ectomorphic-mesomorph and mesomorphic-ectomorph somatotypes among sedentary male students. Methods: A total number of 26 students participated in this study. Participants underwent anthropometric assessments to determine Heath-Carter somatotype ratings. Additionally, countermovement jumps were performed to evaluate vertical jump height, estimate peak anaerobic power via the Sayers equation, and calculate a power-to-body mass ratio. Results: No statistically significant differences were found between ectomorphic-mesomorphs (n=15) and mesomorphic-ectomorphs (n=11) for vertical jump (54.47 ± 8.33 cm vs 57.09 ± 6.28 cm, p = 0.25), peak anaerobic power (3576 ± 542.01 W vs 3473.47 ± 538.71 W, p = 0.64), or power-to-body mass ratio (69.97 ± 10.51 W/kg vs 65.10 ± 7.46 W/kg, p = 0.18). Conclusion: While this initial study suggested no substantial performance differences based on somatotype, further research with increased statistical power through larger sample sizes is necessary to conclusively determine relationships between physique and anaerobic capacities in the general population. Matching and tracking athletes over sports training may also clarify advantages conferred by morphology alone.
References
- Aerenhouts, D., Delecluse, C., Hagman, F., Taeymans, J., Debaere, S., Van Gheluwe, B., & Clarys, P. (2012). Comparison of anthropometric characteristics and sprint start performance between elite adolescent and adult sprint athletes. European Journal of Sport Science, 12(1): 9–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2010.536580
- Barr, M. J., Sheppard, J. M., Gabbett, T. J., & Newton, R. U. (2014). Long-Term Training-Induced Changes in Sprinting Speed and Sprint Momentum in Elite Rugby Union Players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 28(10): 2724. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000364
- Burdukiewicz, A., Pietraszewska, J., Stachoń, A., & Andrzejewska, J. (2018). Anthropometric profile of combat athletes via multivariate analysis. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 58(11): 1657-65. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07999-3
- Carter, J. E. L., Ackland, T. R., Kerr, D. A., & Stapff, A. B. (2005). Somatotype and size of elite female basketball players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(10): 1057–1063. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410400023233
- Catikkas, F., Kurt, C., & Atalag, O. (2013). Kinanthropometric attributes of young male combat sports athletes. Collegium antropologicum, 37(4): 1365-1368.
- Cinarli, F. S., Buyukcelebi, H., Esen, O., Barasinska, M., Cepicka, L., Gabrys, T., Nalbant, U., & Karayigit, R. (2022). Does Dominant Somatotype Differentiate Performance of Jumping and Sprinting Variables in Young Healthy Adults? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19): 11873. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191911873
- Fidelix, Y. L., Berria, J., Ferrari, E. P., Ortiz, J. G., Cetolin, T., & Petroski, E. L. (2014). Somatotype of competitive youth soccer players from Brazil. Journal of Human Kinetics, 42: 259–266. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2014-0079
- Jalilvand, F., Banoocy, N. K., Rumpf, M. C., & Lockie, R. G. (2019). Relationship Between Body Mass, Peak Power, and Power-to-Body Mass Ratio on Sprint Velocity and Momentum in High-School Football Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 33(7): 1871–1877. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002808
- Kandel, M., Baeyens, J. P., & Clarys, P. (2014). Somatotype, training and performance in Ironman athletes. European Journal of Sport Science, 14(4): 301–308. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2013.813971
- Laubach, L. L., & McConville, J. T. (1969). The relationship of strength to body size and typology. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 1(4): 189-194.
- Lewandowska, J., Buśko, K., Pastuszak, A., & Boguszewska, K. (2011). Somatotype Variables Related to Muscle Torque and Power in Judoists. Journal of Human Kinetics, 30(2011): 21–28. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10078-011-0069-y
- Marta, C. C., Marinho, D. A., Barbosa, T. M., Carneiro, A. L., Izquierdo, M., & Marques, M. C. (2013). Effects of Body Fat and Dominant Somatotype on Explosive Strength and Aerobic Capacity Trainability in Prepubescent Children. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(12): 3233. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000252
- Moncef, C., Said, M., Olfa, N., & Dagbaji, G. (2012). Influence of morphological characteristics on physical and physiological performances of tunisian elite male handball players. Asian journal of sports medicine, 3(2): 74. https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.34700
- Phukon, A. J., Farooque, S., & Dhar, K. (2023). Somatotypes of East-Zone Indian Inter-University Kho-Kho Players. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 23(6): 925–931. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2023.6.15
- Ryan-Stewart, H., Faulkner, J., & Jobson, S. (2018). The influence of somatotype on anaerobic performance. PLOS ONE, 13(5): 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197761
- Saha, S. (2015). Somatotype, body composition and explosive power of athlete and non-athlete. Archives of Exercise in Health and Disease, 5(1-2): 354-358. https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0673.1000137
- Sayers, S. P., Harackiewicz, D. V., Harman, E. A., Frykman, P. N., & Rosenstein, M. T. (1999). Cross-validation of three jump power equations. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 31(4): 572-577.
- Tsolakis, C., Bogdanis, G. C., Nikolaou, A., & Zacharogiannis, E. (2011). Influence of type of muscle contraction and gender on postactivation potentiation of upper and lower limb explosive performance in elite fencers. Journal of sports science & medicine, 10(3): 577.
- Wang, X., Lv, C., Qin, X., Ji, S., & Dong, D. (2023). Effectiveness of plyometric training vs. complex training on the explosive power of lower limbs: A Systematic review. Frontiers in Physiology, 13: 1061110. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.1061110
- Zamparo, P., Antonutto, G., Capelli, C., & Di Prampero, P. E. (2000). Effects of different after-loads and knee angles on maximal explosive power of the lower limbs in humans. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 82(5–6): 381–390. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004210000215
- Zary, J. C., Reis, V. M., Rouboa, A., Silva, A. J., Fernandes, P. R., & Filho, J. F. (2010). The somatotype and dermatoglyphic profiles of adult, junior and juvenile male Brazilian top-level volleyball players. Science & Sports, 25(3): 146–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2009.09.002