ISAK Home

Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Volume 3, Issue 2, Year 2023

Articles

Anthropometric Somatotype of Indian Combat Sports and Track and Field Athletes: A Systematic Review

  • Vivoto Tsukru,
  • Athoni Rhetso
Vivoto Tsukru
Department of Anthropometry, Sports Authority of India, NSSC Bengaluru-560056, India
Athoni Rhetso
Department of Anthropology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793022, India
PDF
DOI: https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk2327

Published 30-12-2023

Keywords

  • Somatotype,
  • Indian athletes,
  • Combat sports,
  • Track and field events

How to Cite

Tsukru, V., & Rhetso, A. (2023). Anthropometric Somatotype of Indian Combat Sports and Track and Field Athletes: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Kinanthropometry, 3(2), 56–68. https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk2327

Copyright (c) 2023 Vivoto Tsukru, Athoni Rhetso

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Dimensions

Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

Abstract

Introduction: The utilization of anthropometric somatotyping is prevalent in sports. Recognizing a shared physical prototype and its link to athletic performance in athletes is widely accepted. Therefore, it is crucial to explore this aspect among Indian athletes. The study attempted to systematically collect and analyse existing published literature covering the timeframe from 2003 to June 2023, particularly emphasizing the somatotyping of Indian athletes engaged in combat sports and track and field events. Additionally, efforts were made to assess the prominent accomplishments and constraints evident in the published works during the specified period. Methods: Published studies were collected from various academic databases viz., Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, SCISPASE, and Semantic Scholar. Appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria were drafted, and the studies were selected accordingly. Somatotype categories of individual studies were computed and plotted in the somatocharts following Carter’s method. Results: Sixteen studies comprising 887 athletes (746 males and 141 females) were deemed suitable for inclusion in this review. The combat sports subgroup constituted 361 athletes, and the track and field subgroup comprised 526 athletes. Wrestlers exhibited the highest levels of endomorphy and mesomorphy in combat sports, while junior boxers displayed the highest ectomorphy. In track and field, hammer throwers demonstrated the highest endomorphy, shot putters exhibited the greatest mesomorphy, and the highest ectomorphy characterized high jumpers. Conclusion: The somatocharts highlight a shared physical prototype among athletes within the same sport, notably evident in wrestling, hammer throw, shot put, and jump events. However, research on combat sports trails behind studies in track and field. The scarcity of research on somatotyping among Indian elite athletes and female athletes, coupled with a deficiency in interdisciplinary approaches in kinanthropometry studies in India, underscores the need for heightened integrative investigations.

PDF

References

  1. Adhikari A. (2003). Physiological evaluation of Indian and Bangladeshi junior national female athletes: A comparative study. RDC Jakarta Bulletin, 2003(2): 11–17.
  2. Adhikari A., Chakrabarti D. (2022). Somatotype and anthropometric characteristics of Indian female rowers. International Journal of Kinanthropometry, 2(2): 65–69. https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk2227
  3. Alaspure K.J. (2021). Study of various somatotypes in reference to aspiration level of west zone inter university female Kabaddi players. International Journal of Physiology, 6(1): 162–164.
  4. Armendáriz, M.L.P., Adhikari, R., Bhanu Bawari, B., Varamenti, E., Pullinger, S.A. (2023). Anthropometric characteristic, somatotype, and body composition of Indian Female Combat Sport Athletes: A comparison between Boxers, Judokas, and Wrestlers. International Journal of Kinanthropometry, 3(1): 109-117. https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk23112
  5. Bacciotti, S., Baxter-Jones, A., Gaya, A., Maia, J. (2018). Body physique and proportionality of Brazilian female artistic gymnasts. Journal of Sports Sciences, 36(7): 749–756. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2017.1340655
  6. Bal, E., Bulgan, Ç., Bingul, B.M., Tan, H. (2021). Determining the somatotype characteristics of Turkish male national boxers. International Journal of Curriculum and Instruction, 13(1): 400–410.
  7. Bandyopadhyay, A. (2007). Anthropometry and Body Composition in Soccer and Volleyball Players in West Bengal, India. Journal of Physiological Anthropology, 26(4): 501–505. https://doi.org/10.2114/jpa2.26.501
  8. Biljana, B.S., Nakeva, J.N., Matveena, N., Zafirova, B. (2016). Sex and ethnic differences of somatotype in Macedonian adolescents. Acta Morphologica, 13(2): 5–10.
  9. Carter, J.E.L. (1970). The somatotypes of athletes: A review. Human Biology, 42(4): 535–569.
  10. Carter, J.E.L. (2002). The Heath-Carter anthropometric somatotype- Instruction manual. San Diego State University, San Diego.
  11. Chakrabarti, D., Adhikari, A. (2023). Somatotype characteristics of Indian national canoeists and kayakers. International Journal of Kinanthropometry, 3(1): 118–123. https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk23113
  12. Chandel S., Rhetso A., Kulshreshtha M., Malik S.L. (2018). The association between body physique and physical fitness: A cross-sectional study among a tribal community of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, India. International Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology, 7(1): 11–20. https://doi.org/10.22034/ijaep.v7i1.161
  13. Choudhary, S., Singh, S., Singh, I., Varte, L.R., Sahani, R., Rawat, S. (2019). Somatotypes of Indian Athletes of Different Sports. The Online Journal of Health and Allied Sciences, 18(2): 1-6.
  14. De, A.K., Debnath, P. (1983). Somatotype of Indian long distance (74 km and 19 km) swimmers of both sexes. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 23(3): 319–321.
  15. Dey, S.K., Khanna, G.L., Batra, M. (1993). Morphological and physiological studies on Indian national kabaddi players. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 27(4): 237–242. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.27.4.237
  16. Fares, B., Salim, Z., Farid, C. (2020). Somatotypic cartography of javelin throwers in Algeria, men and women. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 4(2): 38–45. https://doi.org/10.37871/ijssm.id54
  17. Heath, B.H. Carter, J.E.L. (1967). A modified somatotype method. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 27(1): 57–74. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330270108
  18. Khairil-Shazmin, K., Hajar, S. R., Asma, A., Yusof, H.M., Abdul, W.M. (2021). Evaluation of somatotype, dietary intake and blood pressure among female students in universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Malaysia. Food Research, 5(2): 144–154. https://doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(2).449
  19. Khanna, G.L., Manna, I. (2006). Study of physiological profile of boxers. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 5: 90–98.
  20. Khanna, G.L., Majumdar, P., Malik, V., Vrinda, T., Mandal, M. (1996). A study of physiological responses during match play in Indian national kabaddi players. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 30(3): 232–235. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.30.3.232
  21. Kumar, P. (2015). Comparative study on morphological differences of Indian male jumpers, runners and throwers. International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health, 2(2): 92–96.
  22. Lohe, N., Nagi, T., Marei, N., Tsukru, V. (2021). Anthropometric Somatotype among the Adolescent Boys of a Tribal Population in India. Antrocom Online Journal of Anthropology, 17(2): 271–280.
  23. Luthra, A., Lal, R., Shaw, D. (2021). Morphology of Indian female athletes of different track and field events. International Journal of Sports and Health Science, 14(3): 93-96.
  24. Madhavan, N. (2013). Physical characteristics of adolescent male wrestlers in Kerala. International Journal of Physical Education, Fitness and Sports, 2(4): 39–41.
  25. Munoz, C.S., Muros, J.J., Belmonte, Ó.L., Zabala, M. (2020). Anthropometric characteristics, body composition and somatotype of elite male young runners. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(2): 674. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020674
  26. Neogi, A., Tiwari, A., Medabala, T., Adhikari, S., Dey, S.K. (2019). Somatotype, Body Composition and Anthropometric Profiles of Indian Male Greco-Roman Wrestlers. International Journal of Sport Studies for Health, 2(2): e93102. https://doi.org/10.5812/intjssh.93102
  27. Noh, J.W., Kim, J.H., Kim, Y., Lee, J.U., Lee, L.K., Park, B.S., Yang, S.M., Jeon, H.J., Lee, W.D., Kwak, T.Y., Jang, S.H., Lee, T.H., Kim, J.Y., Kim J. (2014). Somatotype analysis of elite boxing athletes compared with nonathletes for sports physiotherapy. The Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 26(8): 1231–1235. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.26.1231
  28. Paul, R.W., Sonnier, J.H., Johnson, E.E., Hall, A.T., Osman, A., Connors, G.M., Freedman, K.B., Bishop, M.E. (2023). Inequalities in the evaluation of male versus female athletes in sports medicine research: A systematic review. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 51(12): 3335–3342. https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465221131281
  29. Pelin, C., Özener, B., Kürkçüoğlu, A., Zağyapan, R. (2010). Effect of living conditions on somatotype components of young individuals belonging to different socioeconomic strata: a preliminary study. Eurasian Journal of Anthropology, 1(1): 26–32.
  30. Pena-Sanchez, C., Mieles-Ramirez, M., Patino-Palma, B. (2022). Characterization of the Somatotype in Taekwondo: Systematic Review. Clinical Medicine Research, 11(2): 13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20221102.11
  31. Pieter, W., Bercades, L.T. (2009). Somatotypes of national elite combative sport athletes. Brazilian Journal of Biomotricity, 3(1): 21–30.
  32. Quintero, A.M., Orssatto, L.B.R., Pulgarín, R.D., Follmer, B. (2019). Physical performance, body composition and somatotype in Colombian judo athletes. Ido Movement for Culture, 19(2): 56–63. https://doi.org/10.14589/ido.19.2.8
  33. Rakovic, A., Savanovic, V., Stankovic, D., Pavlovic, R., Simeonov, A., Petkovic, E. (2015). Analysis of elite athletes’ somatotypes. Acta Kinesiologica, 9(1): 47–53. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.3674.1600
  34. Rhetso, A., Malik, S.L. (2018). Sex difference in body physique of the Angami Nagas. Readings in biological anthropology, BR Publishing Corporation, Delhi
  35. Shafeeq, V.A., Abraham, G., Raphel, S. (2010). Evaluation of body composition and somatotype characteristics of male track and field athletes in India. Journal of Experimental Sciences, 1(11): 7–10.
  36. Shahidi, S.H., Carlberg, B., Kingsley, J.D. (2023). Talent Identification and Development in Youth Sports: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Kinanthropometry, 3(1): 73–84. https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk2318
  37. Singh, B.B., Dayal Yadav, D., Singh Yadav, J. (2012). Comparative study of somatotypes of selected Indian elite male jumpers and throwers. International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Yogic Sciences, 1(3): 1–5.
  38. Singh, B.B., Sharma, Y. (2019). A study on somatotype of top Indian male 100 m. sprinters. International Journal of Physiology, 4(1): 209–210.
  39. Singh, K. (2017). Study of body composition and somatotyping among the throwers. International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health, 4(4): 221–225.
  40. Singh, K., Singh, P., Singh, C. (2012). Anthropometric characteristics, body composition and somatotyping of high and low performer shot putters. International Journal of Sports Science and Engineering, 6(03): 153–158.
  41. Singh, S., Deol, N.S., Kang, S.S. (2012). Somatotype of Indian female hammer throwers of different performance levels. International Journal of Behavioral Social and Movement Science, 1(4): 95–99.
  42. Singh S., Singh, K., Singh, M. (2010). Anthropometric measurements, body composition and somatotyping of high jumpers. Brazilian Journal of Biomotricity, 4(4): 266–271.
  43. Singh Y.M., Chaurasia, A., Kang, S.S. (2023). Anthropometric characteristics and somatotype of elite Indian boxers. International Journal of Kinanthropometry, 3(1): 124–130. https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk23114
  44. Sodhi, H.S. (1980). Kinanthropometry and performance of top ranking Indian basketball players. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 14(2–3): 139–144. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.14.2-3.139
  45. Sodhi, H.S. (1983). Physique of top-ranking Indian wrestlers. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 23(1): 59–66.
  46. Sterkowicz-Przybycień, K.L., Sterkowicz, S., Zarów, R.T. (2011). Somatotype, body composition and proportionality in Polish top Greco-Roman wrestlers. Journal of Human Kinetics, 28(1): 141–154. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10078-011-0031-z
  47. Sterkowicz-Przybycien, K., Gualdi-Russo, E. (2019). Evaluation of somatotype in artistic gymnastics competitors: a meta-analytical approach. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 59(3): 449–455. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.18.08332-9
  48. Sterkowicz-Przybycień, K., Błach, W., Żarów, R. (2012). Somatotype components in judoists. Journal of Combat Sports and Martial Arts, 2(2): 7378.
  49. Tsukru, V., Dkhar, J.W. (2021). Age changes in somatotypes among the Chakhesang Naga boys of Dimapur district, Nagaland. Human Diversity in North-east India: Bio-Anthropological Approaches, Kalpaz Publications. New Delhi.
  50. Tsukru, V., Khesoh, V., Dkhar, J. W., Limbu, D.K., Mary, K.K. (2021). Body physique and nutritional status of Naga wrestlers: A case study of the Chakhesang tribe of Nagaland, India. International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health, 8(3): 374–379. https://doi.org/10.22271/kheljournal.2021.v8.i3f.2110
  51. Zuniga, J., Housh, T. J., Mielke, M., Russell Hendrix, C., Camic, C.L., Johnson, G.O., Schmidt, R.J. (2011). Gender comparisons of anthropometric characteristics of young sprint swimmers. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(1): 103–108.