Diferencias en las características antropométricas y el somatotipo de futbolistas nigerianos según el nivel competitivo y la posición de juego
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk2434Palabras clave:
Antropometría, Somatotipo, Nigeria, Jugadores de fútbolResumen
Introducción: El somatotipo, como una técnica de evaluación de los tipos de cuerpo, se ha estudiado para la selección de deportistas competentes basándose en la correlación del rendimiento deportivo con el físico humano "ideal". Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir las diferencias antropométricas y somatotípicas entre los futbolistas nigerianos en diferentes niveles de juego. Métodos: Se seleccionó una muestra total de 64 sujetos que comprendía 30 futbolistas profesionales y 34 futbolistas amateurs de entre 19 y 28 años. Se midieron diez variables antropométricas que consistieron en; altura, peso, dos perímetros, dos anchos óseos y cuatro pliegues cutáneos. Se utilizó el método antropométrico de Heath y Carter. Se realizaron estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales sobre los datos obtenidos utilizando el paquete de software SPSS IBM, versión 21. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que el somatotipo medio de los futbolistas profesionales fue de 2,5- 4,2- 3,5, mientras que el de los futbolistas amateurs fue de 2,5- 4,2- 3,5. 2,7- 2,7- 4,2, observándose categorías somatotípicas dominantes como mesomorfo equilibrado y ectomorfo equilibrado respectivamente. La altura, el peso, el IMC, la ectomorfia y la mesomorfia fueron significativamente diferentes entre los dos grupos de niveles de juego (p<0,05). Sin embargo, la posición de juego no mostró variación somatotípica en ambos niveles de juego. Conclusiones: El resultado del estudio mostró que existía variación somatotípica entre diferentes niveles de juego para los futbolistas nigerianos.
Referencias
Akinbiola, O.O., & Adeniran, S.A. (2017). Anthropometric and performance characteristics of elite Nigerian soccer players. International Journal of Science and Engineering, 8(8): 1896-1907.
Amin, S. (2023). Relationship between somatotype and body mass index with the successful heading of soccer athletes. Sports Medicine Curios Journal, 2(1): 13-16. https://doi.org/10.15294/smcj.v2i1.65493
Apor, P. (1988). Successful formulae for fitness training. Science and football Routledge Revivals, 95-107.
Arnason, A., Sigurdsson, S.B., Gudmundsson, A., Holme, I., Engebretsen, L., Bahr, R. (2004). Physical fitness, injuries, and team performance in soccer. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 36(2): 278-285. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000113478.92945.CA
Atlı, A. (2021). Comparison of certain physical and performance parameters of young football players based on positions. Journal of Education Issues, 7(1): 458-468. https://doi.org/10.5296/jei.v7i1.18527
Bandyopadhyay, A. (2007). Anthropometry and body composition in soccer and volleyball players in West Bengal, India. Physical Anthropology, 26(4): 501-505. https://doi.org/10.2114/jpa2.26.501
Booysen, M.C., Gradidge, P.J.L., Constantinou, D. (2019). Anthropometric and motor characteristics of South Africa national level female soccer players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 66: 121-129. https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0189
Brocherie, F., Girard, O., Forchino, F., Al Haddad, H., Dos Santos, G.A., & Millet, G.P. (2014). Relationships between anthropometric measures and athletic performance, with special reference to repeated-sprint ability, in the Qatar national soccer team. Journal of Sports Sciences, 32(13): 1243-1254. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2013.862840
Can, I. (2018). Comparison of repeated sprint ability of amateur football players according to age and playing positions. World Journal of Education, 8(2): 54-65. https://doi.org/10.5430/wje.v8n2p54
Carter, J., Heath, B.H. (1990). Somatotyping: Development and applications. Cambridge University Press.
Carter, J.E.L. (2002). The heath-carter anthropometric somatotype Instruction Manual.
Carter, J.L., Ross, W.D., Duquet, W., Aubry, S.P. (1983). Advances in somatotype methodology and analysis. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 26(S1): 193-213. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330260509
Cavia, M.M., Moreno, A., Fernández-Trabanco, B., Carrillo, C., AlonsoTorre, S.R. (2019). Anthropometric characteristics and somatotype of professional soccer players by position. Journal of Sports Medicine and Therapy, 4: 073-080. https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.jsmt.1001047
Ciftci, R., Kurtoglu, A. (2023). Examination of the effect of somatotype profiles on athletic performance indicators in children aged 48-72 months. Cureus. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45430
D'Isanto, T. (2020). Test and assessment for improvement of the endurance in youth soccer. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 15(2proc): nS200-S205. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2020.15.Proc2.10
Duquet, W., Carter, J.L. (2009). Somatotyping. In Kinanthropometry and exercise physiology laboratory manual: Tests, procedures and data, Routledge, 78-96.
Erceg, M., Grgantov, Z., & Milić, M. (2013). Somatotype of Croatian amateur soccer players--Positional differences. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 3(11): 246-248. https://doi.org/10.15373/2249555X/NOV2013/79
Fidelix, Y.L., Berria, J., Ferrari, E.P., Ortiz, J.G., Cetolin, T., Petroski, E.L. (2014). Somatotype of competitive youth soccer players from Brazil. Journal of Human Kinetics, 42: 259-266.
Gil, S.M., Gil, J., Ruiz, F., Irazusta, A., Irazusta, J. (2007). Physiological and anthropometric characteristics of young soccer players according to their playing position: Relevance for the selection process. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(2): 438-445.
Golomazov, S., Chirva, B. (2003). Morphological features of goalkeepers of high qualification. Teoriya i Praktika Futbola, 2(18): 25-28.
Hazir, T. (2010). Physical characteristics and somatotype of soccer players according to playing level and position. Journal of Human Kinetics, 26: 83-95.
Joksimović, M., Skrypchenko, I., Yarymbash, K., Fulurija, D., Nasrolahi, S., & Pantović, M. (2019). Anthropometric characteristics of professional football players in relation to the playing position and their significance for success in the game. Pedagogics, Psychology, Medical-Biological Problems of Physical Training and Sports, 23(5): 224-230. https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2019.0503
Kaplánová, A., Šagát, P., Gonzalez, P.P., Bartík, P., Zvonař, M. (2020). Somatotype profiles of Slovak and Saudi Arabian male soccer players according to playing positions. Kinesiology, 52(1): 143-150. https://doi.org/10.26582/k.52.1.17
Kastrati, A., Gashi, N., Georgiev, G., Gontarev, S. (2022). Somatotype characteristics of elite young athletes from the Republic of Kosovo. Sport Mont, 20(3): 47-52. https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.221008
Kos, R., & Ulan, A. (2022). Age features of sports careers of football goalkeepers. In Sport. Olimpism. Sănătate (pp. 426-430).
Lago-Peñas, C., Casais, L., Dellal, A., Rey, E., Domínguez, E. (2011). Anthropometric and physiological characteristics of young soccer players according to their playing positions: Relevance for competition success. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(12): 3358-3367. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318216305d
Leão, C., Camões, M., Clemente, F.M., Nikolaidis, P.T., Lima, R., Bezerra, P., Rosemann, T., Knechtle, B. (2019). Anthropometric profile of soccer players as a determinant of position specificity and methodological issues of body composition estimation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(13): 2386. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16132386
Masocha, V., Katanha, A. (2014). Anthropometry and somatotype characteristics of male provincial youth league soccer players in Zimbabwe according to playing positions. International Journal of Scientific Research, 3: 554-557.
Mathur, D.N., Toriola, A.L., & Igbokwe, N.U. (1985). Somatotypes of Nigerian athletes of several sports. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 19(4): 219-220. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.19.4.219
Matkovic, B. R., Misigoj‐Durakovic, M., Matkovic, B., Jankovic, S., Ruzic, L., Leko, G., & Kondric, M. (2003). Morphological differences of elite Croatian soccer players according to the team position. Collegium Antropologicum, 27(Suppl 1): 167-174.
Mevaloo, S.F., Mevaloo, A.F., & Mirali, M. (2021). Somatotype of Iranian soccer premier league players. International Journal of Kinanthropometry, 1(1): 72-77. https://doi.org/10.34256/ijk21110
Miçooğulları, B.O. (2024). Physical attributes of young football players in correlation with their playing positions. Online Journal of Recreation and Sports, 13(1): 11-16. https://doi.org/10.22282/tojras.1356046
Nikolaidis, P.T., Karydis, N.V. (2011). Physique and body composition in soccer players across adolescence. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 2(2): 75-82. https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.34782
Nobari, H., Alves, A.R., Clemente, F.M., Pérez-Gómez, J., Clark, C.C., Granacher, U., Zouhal, H. (2021). Associations between variations in accumulated workload and physiological variables in young male soccer players over the course of a season. Frontiers in Physiology, 18: 638180. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.638180
Noh, J.W., Kim, M.Y., Lee, L.K., Park, B.S., Yang, S.M., Jeon, H.J., Lee, W.D., Kim, J.H., Lee, J.U., Kwak, T.Y., Lee, T.H., Kim, J.Y., Kim, J., Lee, J., Kim, Y., Lee, J., Jang, S.K., Kim, Y.J. (2015). Somatotype and body composition analysis of Korean youth soccer players according to playing position for sports physiotherapy research. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 27(4): 1013-1017. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.1013
Orhan, O., Sagir, M., Zorba, E. (2013). Comparison of somatotype values of football players in two professional league football teams according to the positions. Collegium Antropologicum, 37(2): 401-405.
Penggalih, M.H.S.T., Solichah, K.M., Dewinta, M.C.N., Niamilah, I., Nadia, A., Pratiwi, D., Pribadi, A.S., Kusumawati, M.D., & Rahman, F.A. (2021). Comparison of somatotype profiles and dietary intake of football athletes in different playing levels in Indonesia. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia, 18(1): 18-27. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.64653
Perevoznik, V., Pertsukhov, A. (2018). Age and anthropometric indicators of highly qualified football players. Slobozhanskyi Herald of Science and Sport, 6(68): 54-57.
Perroni, F., Vetrano, M., Camolese, G., Guidetti, L., & Baldari, C. (2015). Anthropometric and somatotype characteristics of young soccer players: Differences among categories, subcategories, and playing position. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(8): 2097-2104. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000881
Rahmawati, N.T., Budiharjo, S., Ashizawa, K. (2007). Somatotypes of young male athletes and non‐athlete students in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Anthropological Science, 115(1): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1537/ase.051008
Ramadan, J., Byrd, R. (1987). Physical characteristics of elite soccer players. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 27(4): 424-428.
Rampinini, E., Coutts, A.J., Castagna, C., Sassi, R., Impellizzeri, F.M. (2007). Variation in top level soccer match performance. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 28(12): 1018-1024. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-965158
Reilly, T., Bangsbo, J., Franks, A. (2000). Anthropometric and physiological predispositions for elite soccer. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18(9): 669-683. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410050120050
Rogan, S., Hilfiker, R., Claiys, P., Clijsen, R., Taeytnansa, J. (2011). Position-specific and team-ranking-related morphological characteristics in German amateur soccer players--A descriptive study--Anthropometry in amateur soccer players. International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences, 23: 168-182. https://doi.org/10.24985/ijass.2011.23.1.168
Spehnjak, M., Gušić, M., Molnar, S., Baić, M., Andrašić, S., Selimi, M., Bogataj, Š., Zenić, N. (2021). Body composition in elite soccer players from youth to senior squad. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(9): 4982. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094982
Taskin, C., Karakoc, O., Taskin, M., Dural, M. (2016). Analysis of reaction times and aerobic capacities of soccer players according to their playing positions. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 4(8): 23-26. https://doi.org/10.11114/jets.v4i8.1542
Terzi, E., Kalkavan, A. (2024). To what extent do somatotype structures affect athletic performance in professional athletes? Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 64(7): 650-660. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.24.15826-4
Tsunawake, N., Tahara, Y., Moji, K., Muraki, S., Minowa, K., & Yukawa, K. (2003). Body composition and physical fitness of female volleyball and basketball players of the Japan inter-high school championship teams. Journal of Physiological Anthropology and Applied Human Sciences, 22(4): 195-201. https://doi.org/10.2114/jpa.22.195
White, J.E., Emery, T.M., Kane, J.E., Groves, R., Risman, A.B. (1988). Pre‐season fitness profiles of professional soccer player. In Science and football, Routledge.
Wik, E.H., Auliffe, S.M., & Read, P.J. (2018). Examination of physical characteristics and positional differences in professional soccer players in Qatar. Sports, 7(1): 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7010009
Wong, P., Mujika, I., Castagna, C., Chamari, K., Lau, P.W.C., & Wisloff, U. (2008). Characteristics of World Cup soccer players. Soccer Journal-Binghamton-National Soccer Coaches Association of America, 53(1): 57-62.
Wong, P.L., Chamari, K., Dellal, A., Wisløff, U. (2009). Relationship between anthropometric and physiological characteristics in youth soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(4): 1204-1210. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31819f1e52
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 Idowu Elijah Adefisan, Bankole Japhet Leko, Kolawole Olumayowa Aboyewa
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Los artículos publicados en International Journal of Kinanthropometry se distribuyen bajo una licencia Creative Commons Atribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0), que permite su uso, difusión, adaptación, distribución y reproducción en cualquier medio o formato, siempre que se cite adecuadamente a los autores originales y la fuente.
